Plant lists / Listes de plantes
Grasses
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Ampelodesmos mauritanicus
Best as a specimen plant.
Very drought tolerant
Calamagrostis brachytricha
Calamagrostis x acutiflora ‘Karl Foerster‘
Elymus magellanicus
Slow-growing. Needs well-drained soil.
Eragrostis curvula
Love grass. Fine foliage.
Very drought tolerant.
Eustachys distichophylla
Evergreen. Self seeds.
Very drought tolerant.
Festuca glauca
Short-lived but self-seeds .
Leymus arenarius
Spreads very quickly so can be invasive.
Looks good in a pot.
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Dronning Ingrid‘
Hints of red in the foliage.
Needs some watering in summer.
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Morning Light‘
More drought tolerant than most miscanthus.
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Saturnia‘
Silvery flower spikes in autumn.
Needs some watering in summer.
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Silberfeder‘
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Yaku Jima‘
More drought tolerant than most miscanthus.
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus‘
Best as a specimen plant.
Miscanthus sinensis var. condensatus ‘Cabaret‘
Broad-leaved, so needs regular watering.
Miscanthus sinensis var. condensatus ‘Cosmopolitan‘
Broad-leaved, so needs regular watering.
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Beautiful flowers in autumn.
Muhlenbergia reverchonii ‘Undaunted‘
American native. Dark pink flowers in autumn.
Panicum virgatum ‘Heavy Metal‘
Switch grass.
Self seeds.
Panicum virgatum ‘Rubrum‘
Leaves turn reddish-bronze in autumn.
Pennisetum alopecuroides ‘Hameln‘
Pennisetum orientale ‘Karley Rose‘
Pennisetum orientale ‘Tall Tails‘
Can be invasive.
Pennisetum villosum
Can be invasive.
Phaenosperma globosa
Evergreen. Self seeds.
Needs some watering in summer.
Saccharum ravennae
From the sugar cane family.
Can grow to 3.5 m. in one season.
Schizachyrium scoparium ‘The Blues‘
American native. Foliage turns red-orange in autumn.
Sesleria caerulea
Excellent blue foliage plant.
Stipa gigantea
Best as a specimen plant.
Stipa tenuifolia
syn. Nassella tenuissima
Self seeds.
Plant lists / Listes de plantes
Plants which survived well in the heatwaves of 2003 and 2019
Plantes résistantes aux canicules de 2003 et 2019
In June 2019, a national record temperature of 46.1°C was measured in Gallargues-le-Montueux in the Gard. The heatwave was experienced for several weeks in June and July across most areas of Mediterranean France and when it was over, members of Hortus compiled a list of plants which had survived well. This list was combined with a similar one compiled by MGS members in France after the heatwave of 2003 to produce this illustrated version.
En juin 2019, une température de 46,1°C était mesurée à Gallargues-le-Montueux dans le Gard, constituant un nouveau record national. La canicule, qui a duré plusieurs semaines de juin et juillet, couvrait la plupart de la France méditerranéenne. Une fois la canicule terminée, les membres de Hortus ont rédigé une liste des plantes qui ont bien résisté à ses effets. En 2003, les membres de MGS France ont créé une liste similaire à celle d’Hortus après la canicule de cette année. La liste illustrée ci-dessous est une combinaison de ces deux listes antérieures.
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Campsis radicans
Photo: Campsis radicans ‘Indian Summer‘
Muehlenbeckia complexa
Photo: Muehlenbeckia complexa var. grandifolia
Rosa banksiae
Photo: Rosa banksiae var. normalis
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Vitis vinifera
Photo: Vitis vinifera ‘Purpurea‘
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Gracillimus‘
Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus‘
Artemisia lanata
syn. Artemisia campestris subsp. variabilis
Bergenia crassifolia
in shade / à l’ombre
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides
Oenothera speciosa
Photo: Oenothera speciosa ‘Alba‘
Origanum rotundifolium ‘Kent Beauty‘
Polygonatum biflorum
in shade / à l’ombre
Salvia chamaedryoides
Photo: Salvia chamaedryoides ‘Argentea‘
Salvia jamensis ‘James Compton‘
Salvia microphylla ‘Royal Bumble‘
Salvia microphylla var. neurepia
Salvia officinalis ‘Icterina‘
Sedum spectabile
in shade / à l’ombre
Sedum spp.
Photo: Sedum nussbaumerianum
Verbena venosa
Photo: Verbena venosa lilacina
Vinca major
Photo: Vinca major ‘Variegata‘
Choisya ternata ‘Aztec Pearl‘
Cistus spp.
Photo: Cistus albidus
Jacobinia suberecta
syn. Dicliptera suberecta
Jasminum humile revolutum
Lavandula spp.
Photo: Lavandula x intermedia ‘Grosso‘
Mahonia aquifolium
in partial shade / à mi ombre
Mahonia eurybracteata
in shade / à l’ombre
Myrtus communis subsp. tarentina
Myrtus spp.
Photo: Myrtus communis
Nerium oleander
Photo: Nerium oleander ‘Barcelona‘
Perovskia atriplicifolia ‘Blue Spire‘
Pittosporum heterophyllum
Pittosporum tobira ‘Nana‘
Rosa chinensis f. mutabilis
Sarcococca spp.
Photo: Sarcococca confusa
Teucrium chamaedrys
Photo: Teucrium chamaedrys x lucidrys
Teucrium fruticans
Photo: Teucrium fruticans ‘Agadir‘
Thymus spp.
Photo: Thymus serpyllum ‘Elfin‘
Photinia x fraseri ‘Red Robin‘
Plant lists / Listes de plantes
Flowering Trees and Conifers
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Acacia retinodes ‘Lisette‘
Mimosa des quatre saisons. Flowers most of the year, perfumed.
Grows in alkaline soils, cold resistant to -5-8 C. Height 4-5m.
Acacia spp.
A family with many species/cultivars.
Photo: Acacia dealbata
Acer monspessulanum
Montpellier maple, autumn colour.
Height 5-11m.
Aesculus californica
Californian horse-chestnut, perfumed white/pink flowers.
May need training to one stem. Height to 8m, spread to 10m.
Albizia julibrissin
Attractive pink/pale lilac feathery flowers.
Height 5-15m.
Catalpa bignonioides
Strong grower, very large leaves, needs shelter from Mistral, stake.
Large fragrant white flowers, attractive to bees, bean-shaped fruit. Height 8-15m.
Ceiba speciosa
syn. Chorisia speciosa
Trunk has stout spines and swollen base. Attractive pink/red flowers.
May need protection. Height 9-15m.
Celtis australis
Good shade tree, tolerant to heat and drought.
Height 10-20m.
Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy‘
Attractive mottled brown foliage.
Height 3-10m.
Cercis siliquastrum
The Judas tree. Early striking white to mauve flowers.
Height 3-10m.
Chilopsis linearis
Train as a standard tree, pink/mauve flowers in summer.
Very drought resistant. Height 5-10m.
Citrus trifoliata
syn. Poncirus trifoliata
Spiny small tree. Fragrant white flowers and small, bitter orange fruits.
Height 1-4m.
Cotinus obovatus
Pink-grey flowers, scarlet autumn colour.
Height to 10m, spread to 8m.
Crataegus azarolus
Mediterranean hawthorn, coloured autumn fruits.
Height 3-8m.
Diospyros kaki
Spreading tree, autumn colour. Large, orange, edible fruits
Height 5-15m.
Erythrina crista-galli
Attractive red flowers. Only hardy in sheltered areas with minimal frost.
Height 2-3m.
Ficus carica
Grow as a tree on single stem. Large leaves, edible fruits.
Photo: Ficus carica ‘Ronde de Bordeaux‘
Fraxinus ornus
Native Mediterranean tree with scented white flowers in late summer.
Height 5-15m.
FRUIT TREES
A wide selection of dwarf and standard fruit trees are available, ornamental as well as productive.
Photo: Prunus avium ‘Bigarreau Moreau‘
Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis ‘Sunburst‘
Non-thorny cultivar, yellow foliage in autumn.
Koelreuteria bipinnata
Small/medium tree with summer flowers.
Koelreuteria paniculata
Showy panicles of golden-yellow flowers, impressive, autumn colour.
Easy to grow from seed. Height 5-8m.
Laburnum anagyroides
Large pea-like yellow flowers, prone to pucerons.
Height 5-7m.
Lagerstroemia indica
Tree, or large shrub, with prominent many coloured flower panicles.
Attractive bark. Height 2-8m.
Melia azedarach
Spreading, fast growing, with fragrant star-shaped lilac flowers.
Yellow fruits remain on tree throughout winter. Height 5-15m.
Morus alba
White mulberry. Large tree, autumn colour.
Food leaves of the silkworm. Height 6-15m.
Morus nigra
Black mulberry. Edible fruits.
Height 6-15m.
Acca sellowiana
Guava. Red flowers, edible fruits, requires training.
Height 2m.
Arbutus unedo
The strawberry tree. Bell shaped white flowers and red fruits in autumn.
Height 3-6m.
Arbutus x andrachnoides
Red branches, all-year-round interest.
Height 4-8m.
Arbutus xalapensis
syn. A. texana
The Texas madrone. Orange-brown peeling bark.
Height 5-15 m.
Ceanothus arboreus ‘Trewithin Blue‘
Small tree covered in deep blue flowers in March/April.
Height 4-8m.
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean fan palm.
Height 5m.
Citrus junos
Yuzu. Cold resistant to -9°C.
Photo: http://Daleysfruit.com.au
Citrus sp.
Fragrant white flowers, may need protection.
Eriobotrya japonica
Loquat. Fragrant white flowers, edible fruit.
Height 2-10m.
Eucalyptus spp.
Most tolerate frosts to -5°C, but some species much more hardy.
Height 10-50m.
Photo: Eucalyptus woodwardii
Laurus nobilis
Aromatic leaves, used in cooking, grow as a standard.
Height 2-20m.
Ligustrum japonicum
Used as hedging and as a street tree, variegated.
Height 3m.
Magnolia grandiflora
Fragrant large white flowers followed by rose-coloured fruits.
Height 5-30m.
Nerium oleander
Wide range of colours. Can be grown as a standard.
Height 2-6m.
Photo: Nerium oleander ‘Barcelona‘
Olea europaea
No Mediterranean garden should be without one!
Height 5-15m.
Phillyrea latifolia
Grow as a standard. Fragrant green/white flowers.
Height 2m.
Pistacia chinensis
Small/medium tree, magnificent red autumn foliage.
Height to 20m.
Pistacia lentiscus
Mediterranean tree with leathery leaves and small red fruits.
Height 1-4m.
Quercus ilex
Versatile Mediterranean tree.
Height 20m.
Quercus suber
The cork oak.
Good for acid soils and near the coast.
Schinus molle
Good shade tree but needs protection from frost.
Used as a street tree. Height 8-15m.
Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey cypress, many cultivars. Height 15m.
Image: Bernard Trainor and associates
Cupressus sempervirens
Italian cypress, many cultivars.
Can grow over 20m high.
Juniperus oxycedrus
Known in France as ‘cade’ .
Untidy Mediterranean tree, ideal for a wild garden.
Pinus halepensis
Aleppo pine, native to the Mediterranean region.
Height 10-20m.
Pinus pinaster
Maritime pine, native to the Mediterranean region.
Height 20-30m.
Pinus pinea
Umbrella pine, another Mediterranean native.
Can be grown in containers. Height to 18m.